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2015. Том 9. Выпуск 2. Тематический выпуск ПРОСТРАНСТВО И ВРЕМЯ ПРИНЯТИЯ РЕШЕНИЙ / Thematic Issue SPACE, TIME AND DECISION MAKING / Die thematische Ausgabe RAUM UND ZEIT DER ENTSCHEIDUNGSFINDUNG

ПРИНЯТИЕ РЕШЕНИЯ: ТЕОРИИ, КОНЦЕПЦИИ, ПАРАДИГМЫ / DECISION MAKING: THEORIES, CONCEPTIONS, PARADIGMS / ENTSCHEIDUNGSFINDUNG: THEORIEN, KONZEPTE, PARADIGMEN

Меськов В.С.

Методологические основания принятия решений

Меськов Валерий Сергеевич, доктор философских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой философии образования Московского института открытого образования

E-mail: mvs947@yandex.ru

Представлен авторский взгляд на принятие решений в рамках трех моделей Универсума и соответствующих им методологий — классической, неклассической и постнеклассической тринитарной информационной (последняя, как показывает автор, является наиболее адекватной для информационного общества, основанного на знаниях).

Ключевые слова: научные модели, методы, субъект, принятие решений как когнитивная деятельность, постнеклассический информационный паттерн принятия решений, компетенции по принятию решений.

Литература

Меськов В. Логика практического разума // Лучшие публикации «Кантовского сборника» 1975—2001 / Отв. ред. В.Ю. Курпаков, Л.А. Калинников. Калининград: Изд-во КГУ, 2002. С. 178—191.

Меськов В.С. От логики рассуждений к методологии когнитивной деятельности [Электронный ресурс] // Рацио.ru Электронный научный журнал Российского государственного университета имени Иммануила Канта. 2009. № 2. Режим доступа: http://ratio.albertina.ru/get_file.php?file_id=328.

Меськов В.С., Мамченко А.А. Мир информации как тринитарная модель Универсума. Постнеклассическая методология когнитивной деятельности // Вопросы философии. 2010. № 5. С. 57—59.

Меськов В.С., Мамченко А.А. Образование для обществ знания: постнеклассическая модель образовательных процессов // Ценности и смыслы. 2010. № 2(5). С. 17—49.

Меськов В.С., Мамченко А.А. Образование для обществ знания: постнеклассическая модель образовательных процессов // Ценности и смыслы. 2010. № 3(6). С. 46—58.

Меськов В.С., Мамченко А.А. Цикл трансформации когнитивного субъекта. Субъект, среда, контент. Постнеклассическая методология когнитивной деятельности // Вопросы философии. 2010. № 10. С. 67—80.

Меськов В.С., Мамченко А.А., Смирнова И.В. От возможного мира и возможного индивида к инфомиру и когнитивному субъекту // Возможные миры: семантика, онтология, метафизика. Коллективная монография. М.: ГУ ВШЭ, Изд-во Канон+, 2011. С. 204—217.

Меськов В.С., Сорина Г.В. Логика: взгляд из культуры // Логическая  семантика: перспективы для философии языка и эпистемологии. Сборник научных статей, посвященных Е.Д. Смирновой. М.: Креативная Экономика, 2011. С. 274—294.

Сорина Г.В. Основы принятия решений. М.: Экономист, 2006.

Сорина Г.В. Принятие решений как интеллектуальная деятельность. M.: Канон+, Реабилитация, 2009.

Aerts D., D’Hooghe B. "Classical Logical versus Quantum Conceptual Thought: Examples in Economics, Decision Theory and Concept Theory." Quantum Interaction. Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer, 2009, pp. 128—142.

Frederick S. "Cognitive Reflection and Decision Making." Journal of Economic Perspectives 19.4 (2005): 25—42.

Lootsma F.A. Fuzzy Logic for Planning and Decision Making.  Dordrecht: Springer Science & Business Media, 2013.

Richards D., Rowe W.D. "Decision-Making with Heterogeneous Sources of Information." Risk Analysis 19.1 (1999): 69—81.

Schwenk C.R. "Cognitive Simplification Processes in Strategic Decision‐Making." Strategic Management Journal 5.2 (1984): 111—128.

Stirling W.C., Goodrich M.A., Packard D.J. "Satisficing Equilibria: A Non-Classical Theory of Games and Decisions." Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems 5.3 (2002): 305—328.

Meskov V.S. 

Methodological Grounds for the Decision Making

Valery S. Meskov, D.Phil. in Logic, Professor, Head of the Chair of Philosophy of Education, Moscow Institute of Open Education (Moscow)

E-mail: mvs947@yandex.ru

From what decision-making effectiveness depends? How decision-making activity is determined? Who or what is the subject of the decision making? How environment affects the nature and structure of decision making? What is the relationship between subjects, environment and content of decision making? What is needed for decision making and what can be changed or even eliminated? We need modern responses for these questions and modern solutions for these problems. A ‘modern solution’ is provided by the information society, the new post-non-classical approach. It has been crucial to modify the method of passing from the abstract to something concrete; to define the terms of subject philosophy and of decision-making theory as cognitive activity. Such approach is relevant to post-non-classical pattern of decision-making process. In my article, I apply information model of philosophy of science to decision-making philosophy, which is considered in three senses as a discipline scope for interdisciplinary studies and cognitive activity. The ‘road map’ of decision making is rational basis and method for innovative practices in this field.

As a conclusion, I give my response to several worded questions.

The decision-making subject is a person who has competence in the area of decision-making and who implementing the activity. Thus, the subjects of decision-making are the people able to make decisions on the basis of: stereotypes; acquirements (on sample), skills (up-to-sample), (in accordance with the standards). The subjects of decision-making are also those who have the competence, i.e., people willing to make decisions based on knowledge, motivated for adoption of cognitive and creative solutions via meanings, ideas, moral and other spiritual values.

Decision-making activity is identified with overcoming cognitive failures described within the corresponding models. The subject of the decision is uncertainty while the subject is a problem. Activity of decision-making subject is carried out in an environment that also (in addition to the subject) defines the nature and structure of the process. In this case, environment is a set of all exemplificats and transcendentats, which are the results of the practical and intellectual activity accumulated by the subject during decision forming and making. Medium for decision-making includes stereotypes, skills, abilities, information, knowledge, meanings, ideas, values and evaluation, aesthetic values, mastered all the information in the hypostasis of culture. If the problem cannot be solved by transformation of the subject, we can try to achieve this by transforming the environment.

Keywords: scientific models, methods, subject, decision making as a cognitive activity, postnonclassical information pattern of decision-making, decision-making competence.

References:

Aerts D., D’Hooghe B. "Classical Logical versus Quantum Conceptual Thought: Examples in Economics, Decision Theory and Concept Theory." Quantum Interaction. Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer, 2009, pp. 128—142.

Frederick S. "Cognitive Reflection and Decision Making." Journal of Economic Perspectives 19.4 (2005): 25—42.

Lootsma F.A. Fuzzy Logic for Planning and Decision Making.  Dordrecht: Springer Science & Business Media, 2013.

Meskov V.S. "From the Logic of the Arguments towards Methodology of Cognitive Activity." Ratsio.ru. Electronic Scientific Journal of Immanuel Kant Russian State University 2 (2009). Web. <http://ratio.albertina.ru/ get_file.php?file_id=328>. (In Russian).

Meskov V. "Logic of Practical Reason." Top Publications of ‘Kant Collection’ 1975—2001. Eds. V.Yu. Kurpakov, L.A. Kalinnikov. Kaliningrad: Kaliningrad State University Publisher, 2002, pp. 178—191. (In Russian).

Meskov V.S., Marchenko A.A. "Education for Knowledge Societies: Postnonclassical Model of Educational Processes." Values and Meanings 2 (2010): 17—49. (In Russian).

Meskov V.S., Marchenko A.A. "Education for Knowledge Societies: Postnonclassical Model of Educational Processes." Values and Meanings 3 (2010): 46—58. (In Russian).

Meskov V.S., Mamchenko A.A. "The Cycle of Transformation of the Cognitive Subject. Subject, Medium, Content. Postnonclassical Methodology of Cognitive Activity." Problems of Philosophy 10 (2010): 67—80. (In Russian).

Meskov V.S., Mamchenko A.A. "World of Information as a Trinitarian Model of the Universe. Postnonclassical Methodology of Cognitive Activities." Problems of Philosophy 5 (2010): 57—59. (In Russian).

Meskov V.S., Marchenko A.A., Smirnova I.V. "From Possible World and Possible Individual towards Info-world and Cognitive Subject." Possible Worlds: Semantics, Ontology, Metaphysics. Moscow: Higher School of Economics Publisher, Kanon+ Publisher, 2011, pp. 204—217. (In Russian).

Meskov V.S., Sorina G.V. "Logic: A View from the Culture." Logical Semantics: Prospects for the Philosophy of Language and Epistemology. Collection of Articles Dedicated to E.D. Smirnova. Moscow: Kreativnaya Ekonomika Publisher, 2011, pp. 274—294. (In Russian).

Richards D., Rowe W.D. "Decision-Making with Heterogeneous Sources of Information." Risk Analysis 19.1 (1999): 69—81.

Schwenk C.R. "Cognitive Simplification Processes in Strategic Decision‐Making." Strategic Management Journal 5.2 (1984): 111—128.

Sorina G.V. Decision Making as Intellectual Activity. Moscow: Kanon+ Publisher, Reabilitatsiya Publisher, 2009. (In Russian).

Sorina G.V. Fundamentals of Decision Making. Moscow: Ekonomist Publisher, 2006. (In Russian).

Stirling W.C., Goodrich M.A., Packard D.J. "Satisficing Equilibria: A Non-Classical Theory of Games and Decisions." Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems 5.3 (2002): 305—328.

 

 

Cite MLA 7:

Meskov, V. S. "Methodological Grounds for the Decision Making." Elektronnoe nauchnoe izdanie Al'manakh Prostranstvo i Vremya [Electronic Scientific Edition Almanac Space and Time: Space, Time and Decision Making]  9.2 (2015). Web. <2227-9490e-aprovr_e-ast9-2.2015.23>. (In Russian).

  

 

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