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Личность и её мировоззренческие основы

Личность и её мировоззренческие основы

Литвинов Эдуард Петрович, доктор философских наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник Центра политологических исследований (Москва).

В статье осуществляется философский анализ мировоззрения исходя из его сущности. Рассмотрены структура и функции мировоззрения, основные направления формирования мировоззрения и критерии мировоззренческой зрелости личности, а также роль и место мировоззрения в духовной жизни человека.

Ключевые слова: мировоззрение; философское мировоззрение; диалектика; сущность, структура и функции мировоззрения; критерии мировоззренческой зрелости; духовность

Litvinov E.P. Personality and Its Worldview Foundations

Eduard P. Litvinov, Doctor of Philosophy Professor, Senior Researcher at the Center for Political Studies (Moscow)

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In exercising of worldview's philosophical analysis, the author examines structure and function of this one, guidelines and criteria of the worldview formation and of the worldview maturity of the individual, as well as the role and place in the worldview of the human spiritual life. The author shows how in the worldview reveals the totality of relationships "world — the person", which are both spiritual and practical, and these ones are the two internal contradiction caused by conditions of real life that are inextricably linked dialectically.

Thus, the essence of the worldview determines the inherent contradiction between the basic elements of its structure, which is a set of attitudes, knowledge, beliefs and ideals inherent in man, on the one hand, and the extent of its implementation in practice, on the other hand. In its simplest form, it is possible to formulate as a contradiction between what a person already possesses and what he has achieved, on the one hand, and that to which he is willing and able to achieve, on the other.

The essence of worldview is revealed in the results of practical human activity, and the consequences of this activity

Speaking of shaping the worldview in the learning process the author shows that in the educational process primarily formed knowledge, beliefs and ideals, the content of which determines the cognitive element — relying on those emotions and real relationships that develop in the process of practical activity. In addition, this process forms the scientific outlook, based on the laws, formed in the framework of scientific knowledge and proven practice of mankind in general. An important element of scientific world outlook is the natural scientific worldview that is based on scientific knowledge and includes value guidelines for the relationship between nature and human as a part of it. The effect of the formation of the scientific worldview is not the result of trainings' influence; this effect is achieved by synergy interaction of society, teacher, and student, as can be seen in the structure of worldview.

The author analyzes various aspects of outlook formation among students of different ages, including those who have chosen to protect the Fatherland as their future profession.

Keywords: worldview; philosophical worldview; dialectics; the nature, structure and function of worldview; criteria of worldview maturity; spirituality

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