ISSN 2227-9490
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Издается при поддержке Научного совета РАН по изучению и охране культурного и природного наследия,
Проблемной комиссии РАН "Хронобиология и хрономедицина" и Российского философского общества

Powered by Scientific Council for Study and Protection of Cultural and Natural Heritage,
Problem Commission ‘ Chronobiology and Chronomedicine’, Russian Academy of Sciences, and Russian Philosophical Society

ЭЛЕКТРОННОЕ НАУЧНОЕ ИЗДАНИЕ
АЛЬМАНАХ ПРОСТРАНСТВО И ВРЕМЯ
[Elektronnoe nauchnoe izdanie Al'manakh Prostranstvo i Vremya]

Electronic Scientific Edition
Almanac Space and Time
[e-Almanac Space and Time]

Часть издательского проекта “Пространство и Время” 
The part of the "Space and Time" Рublishing Рroject

 
 АЛЬМАНАХ В СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ СЕТЯХ 

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УСПЕХИ МОЛОДЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЕЙ:
МОЛОДЁЖНЫЙ ПРОЕКТ ДЛЯ ТЕХ, КТО ДЕЛАЕТ ПЕРВЫЕ ШАГИ В НАУКЕ

ПРЕСС-РЕЛИЗ совместного проектаФилософского факультета МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова,Московского общества испытателей природы при МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова,Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения«Институт стратегии развития образования Российской академии образования»и «Электронного научного издания Альманах Пространство и Время»в рамках подготовки и проведенияXIX Всемирного фестиваля молодежи и студентов в РоссииФедерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Институт стратегии развития образования Российской академии образования», Российского университета дружбы народов, Московского общества испытателей природы при МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова и «Электронного научного издания Альманах Пространство и Время» в рамках подготовки и проведения XIX Всемирного фестиваля молодежи и студентов в России
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ПЛАНЕТА ЗЕМЛЯ / EARTH PLANET / PLANET ERD

»   2018. Том 16. Выпуск 3-4


DOI 10.24411/2227-9490-2018-12051

Жигадло С.А.

Пространственные закономерности изменения инженерно-геологических свойств юрских отложений на востоке Московской области

         Жигадло Светлана Анатольевна, магистр инженерной геологии, инженер-геолог, Научно-исследовательский институт оснований и подземных сооружений им. Н.М. Герсеванова (НИИОСП им. Н.М. Герсеванова), Москва
ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7562-0587
         E-mail: svetlana-a-zhigadlo@j-spacetime.com; sveta.zhigadlo@yandex.ru

 В настоящее время Орехово-Зуевское направление Московской области активно осваивается и застраивается, в связи с чем проводятся многочисленные инженерно-геологические изыскания. По результатам проведенных работ были получены данные о инженерно-геологических условиях территории. Наиболее распространенными грунтами для основания проектируемых сооружений здесь являются юрские глинистые отложения. Поэтому существует необходимость изучения свойств данных грунтов и выявления закономерностей их изменения. Юрские отложения на изучаемой территории распространены практически повсеместно, их мощность достигает 30 м. В данной статье приведены результаты анализа физических и физико-механических свойств данных грунтов: было установлено, что основным фактором, влияющим на изменение состава и свойств изучаемых грунтов, являются их условия залегания.

Ключевые слова: инженерно-геологические изыскания; закономерности изменения свойств; юрские отложения; глинистые грунты; варьирование показателей состава и свойств; условия залегания.

Цитирование по ГОСТ Р 7.0.11—2011:
Жигадло, С. А. Пространственные закономерности изменения инженерно-геологических свойств юрских отложений на востоке Московской области [Электронный ресурс] / С.А. Жигадло // Электронное научное издание Альманах Пространство и Время. — 2018. — Т. 16. — Вып. 3—4. DOI: 10.24411/2227-9490-2018-12051. Стационарный сетевой адрес: 2227-9490e-aprovr_e-ast16-3_4.2018.51.





DOI: 10.24411/2227-9490-2018-12051

Zhigadlo S.A. Spatial Patterns of Changing Engineering-geological Properties of Jurassic Deposits in the East of the Moscow Region

Svetlana A. Zhigadlo, Master of Engineering Geology, engineer-geologist at Gersevanov Research Institute of Foundations and Underground Structures, Moscow, Russia

ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7562-0587
           E-mail: svetlana-a-zhigadlo@j-spacetime.com; sveta.zhigadlo@yandex.ru

Up-to-date Orekhovo-Zuyevo (Moscow Region) area coverage and development, including the construction of the Moscow — Kazan transport highway, makes it necessary and urgent to study in depth geological structure of this territory, its geomorphological, hydrogeological and geodynamic modes. Engineers and specialists in the field of engineering geology quite often suggest using Jurassic clay rocks as the basis of the designed structures. These clays are found in the section of the study area almost everywhere, distributed at a depth of 1–60 m, their thickness reaches 30 m. Studying and analyzing the properties of these sediments helps to trace the changes in properties, match them to some factors and, accordingly, identify the main patterns of variability properties of soils on "Moscow — Orekhovo-Zuyevo" route profile. One of the aspects of such studying is to carry out a large number of laboratory tests for determining physical, mechanical, physicochemical properties of soils. Analysis of the results is the main method of assessing the composition, structure and state of grounds in project facilities foundation.

Subject matter of my study is Jurassic deposits of Orekhovo-Zuyevo area, analysis of their obtained parameters and composition, as well as identification of their spatial variability patterns along the route line.

I determined the granulometric composition of clay soils by pipetting and hydrometric methods; strength characteristics of clay soils — as a result of testing of monoliths according to the scheme of consolidated slice in the load range 0.1—0.3 MPa, deformation properties — according to the data of compression tests of monoliths under load up to 0.6 MPa (for obtaining both characteristics, I used devices of Research Institute of Transport Construction and PJSC "GEOTEK Seismic Services"). For determining deformation and strength characteristics, I carried out triaxial compression tests under conditions close to natural, taking into account the initial stress state in the natural array at the depth of the sample. To analyze the results of laboratory tests, I used statistical method, including analysis of variance to study the relationship between the resultant characteristics (parameters of soil properties) and a factor (Jurassic sediments mode of occurrence). As a result, I received statistics F determining the significance of the influence of the factor on the resultant trait, and intraclass correlation coefficients determining the factor influence on the resultant trait variation.

Researchable territory is located within the Moscow syneclise of the Russian plate; its crystalline basement is composed of lower Archean and lower Proterozoic metamorphosed rocks. The overlying sedimentary deposits are of the Precambrian bedrock, as well as the Devonian, Carbonic, Jurassic and Cretaceous systems, overlapped by Quaternary sediments. Depending on the conditions of occurrence of the Jurassic deposits and the history of hypergenesis, I identified 3 types of territory:

–         type I, confined to watershed plains and high fluvioglacial terraces within the paleolovalley;

–         type II, confined to watershed plains and high fluvioglacial terraces outside the paleovalley;

–         type III, confined to the modern river valleys.

In accordance with the types of territory, I divided it into 8 sections, for each of which I built a geological profile. This allowed me to obtain granulometric and mechanical parameters of clays and loams for each of the three types of territory.

For Oxford clays, I obtained the following trend: sediments accumulated in paleo-valleys (type I) have a higher density, porosity, adhesion and deformation modulus, and less natural moisture and organic content than in areas outside the paleovalley (type II). In areas confined to modern valleys (type III), these parameters have intermediate values.

The patterns characteristic of Oxford deposits are not so clearly seen when analyzing the properties of Callovian deposits. The values of the parameters for soils of different area types are close, often similar to each other.

Thus, the Jurassic sediments are more developed in the central and eastern parts of the study area; the Upper Oxford sediments have less facial variability and, in general, are represented by a sufficiently strong thickness and depth of occurrence. They are composed of clays of various consistencies with rare interlayers of loams. Callovian deposits are developed mainly within the paleo-valleys, soils are mainly represented by solid and semi-solid clays, less often there are refractory clays, hard, semi-solid and refractory loams.

Clays and loams found within modern river valleys, generally have a lower density and strain modulus, and a higher porosity coefficient than clays in the watersheds.

In fact, the soils on 1st area type lie at the lowest level (absolute elevations from 85 m), have a higher density due to the relatively low organic content, the lowest porosity and humidity, and the largest deformation modulus. They presented by the most complete cut. The soils on the 2nd area type lie at a higher level (absolute elevations from 110 m) and with less power; on the contrary, they have a higher organ content and greater porosity, humidity, lower density and deformation modulus. The soils on the 3rd area type are more similar to the type II in the structure of the stratum and soil properties.

These results allowed me to hypothesize that there is certain regularity in the spatial variability of the Jurassic clays properties, which consists in the fact that modes of Jurassic sediments occurrence affect the distribution of certain soil parameters. To test this idea, I carried out an analysis of variance, which confirmed my hypothesis for Oxford deposits, for example for their humidity, when modes of Oxford deposits occurrence affect statistically significantly. Modes of soils occurrence determine humidity variation by 66%, which is explained by different hydrogeology (overflow from overlying Quaternary sediments for type I, below there is aquiclude of Callovian clays; overflow from overlying Quaternary sediments and pressure water of the Gzhel aquifer system at Upper Carbonic for types II and III). The second most important is the effect on soils porosity, which depends on formation factor by 62%. Values of soil density depend on 48%. I suppose it is possible to explain this results by depths of the Oxford deposits (and, accordingly, pressure of the overlying strata), which differ in I and II areas types, and are similar in II and III areas types. The areas structure influence on the remaining parameters is insignificant and not statistically significant.

For the soils of the Callovian stage, I did not receive confirmation of the formation factor hypothesis.

My conclusion concerns scientific and practical significance of both identified soils differences and specific type of measurements of all regions of active construction.

 Keywords: engineering-geological surveys; patterns of changing properties; Jurassic sediments; clay soils; variation of composition and properties; mode of occurrence.

Cite MLA 7:
Zhigadlo, S. A. "Spatial Patterns of Changing Engineering-geological Properties of Jurassic Deposits in the East of the Moscow Region." Electronic Scientific Edition Almanac Space and Time 16.3—4 (2018). DOI: 10.24411/2227-9490-2018-12051. Web. <2227-9490e-aprovr_e-ast16-3_4.2018.51>. (In Russian).

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